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MPs are debating Britain’s rearmament and war-fighting readiness as the Government seeks to demonstrate a larger European contribution to NATO. The Commons debate comes during the alliance’s summit in Ankara, where defence spending, long-range weapons and the continuing threat from Russia are central issues.

The Government has argued that the international security environment requires faster procurement, stronger armed forces and closer co-operation with European allies. Opposition MPs are expected to press Ministers on whether announced spending commitments are sufficient, affordable and supported by a credible plan for personnel, equipment and industrial capacity.

The debate was scheduled by the Backbench Business Committee alongside a separate discussion on corridor care in the NHS. It follows repeated warnings from parliamentary committees and defence figures about depleted stockpiles, delays to major projects and the need to ensure that higher spending produces usable military capability.

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Children aged ten and eleven can now use passport eGates at UK border controls when travelling with an eligible adult, extending a system previously limited to passengers aged 12 and over. The change took effect on 8 July at more than 290 eGates in British airports and at juxtaposed border controls in Europe.

The Home Office said the expansion would make family journeys quicker during the summer holiday period while maintaining security checks. Children must hold an eligible biometric passport and travel with an adult who can also use the eGates, although Border Force officers will retain discretion to conduct additional checks.

Ministers said trials had shown that the technology could safely process younger passengers. The move forms part of wider efforts to increase automated border processing, although families may still be directed to staffed desks when documentation, safeguarding concerns or operational circumstances require it.

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The Treasury Committee has said the Government has a moral obligation to reverse its decision to freeze the earnings threshold at which graduates begin repaying student loans. MPs warned that keeping the threshold unchanged would increase repayments for many borrowers as wages rise, with younger workers bearing a growing share of the fiscal burden.

The committee said the policy amounted to a real-terms reduction in the repayment threshold and would affect people who had arranged their finances on the basis of previous terms. It argued that changes to student finance should be transparent and should not impose unexpected costs on graduates without proper parliamentary scrutiny.

The Government has defended the freeze as part of efforts to maintain the sustainability of the student finance system and control public spending. The committee called for Ministers to reconsider the decision and provide a clearer assessment of its impact on household incomes, different graduate groups and the wider labour market.

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The Government has been urged to establish a strategy for sovereign artificial intelligence capabilities, with MPs warning that Britain could otherwise lose access to important technology at the discretion of overseas companies or governments. The Science, Innovation and Technology Committee said greater domestic capacity was needed in computing, data, skills and advanced models.

The committee argued that the UK should identify which AI capabilities must be developed or retained nationally rather than relying entirely on international suppliers. It said the issue was linked to economic resilience, national security and the Government’s ability to deliver public services using systems whose availability and operation it could trust.

MPs said international partnerships would remain essential but should be supported by clear national priorities and contingency planning. The report called for stronger co-ordination across Government and a more detailed account of how public investment, procurement and regulation would contribute to long-term technological independence.

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More than 350 threatened species are to benefit from what the Government has described as the largest investment yet in recovering England’s wildlife. Natural England will support 130 projects involving 364 plants, animals and fungi through £60 million from the Species Recovery Programme over the next three years.

Projects will include work to locate the rare ghost orchid using detection dogs and environmental DNA, restore habitats for the swallowtail butterfly and protect the native white-clawed crayfish from invasive species. Zoos, aquariums and conservation organisations will also run breeding and release programmes for 16 rare invertebrates.

The Government said wildlife populations had declined by about a third since 1970 and that one in six species in Great Britain was at risk of extinction. A further £30 million will support species recovery on the national forest estate, bringing the wider commitment associated with the programme to £90 million.

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The Government has published a ten-year capital plan for the NHS, promising long-term investment in hospitals, GP surgeries, equipment and digital infrastructure. The health capital budget is expected to rise to £15 billion in 2029/30, with Ministers arguing that a stable programme will replace years of short-term and fragmented spending decisions.

Nearly 800 GP surgery upgrades have already been funded, which the Government estimates could create capacity for nine million additional appointments. A further £200 million will be used to expand and modernise practices, with more treatment intended to take place in community settings rather than hospitals.

The plan also proposes using surplus NHS land to build affordable homes for health service staff, particularly in places where high housing costs make recruitment difficult. Ministers said more than 4,100 incidents involving failing buildings and equipment disrupted patient care last year, including cancelled appointments and delayed treatment.

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The United Kingdom is to lead a European initiative under which 12 countries are expected to spend more than $50 billion, equivalent to about £37 billion, on long-range precision weapons over the next decade. Prime Minister Keir Starmer announced the plan as NATO leaders met in Ankara for talks on defence spending and European security.

The Government said the programme would develop weapons capable of striking targets at distances of at least 300 kilometres, with some systems expected to operate beyond 2,000 kilometres. Britain has already committed £3 billion to its own deep precision strike capabilities by 2030 under the Defence Investment Plan.

Starmer said European allies needed to take greater responsibility for the continent’s defence while maintaining the transatlantic alliance. The Government said closer industrial co-operation would allow participating countries to share technology, expertise and production capacity while strengthening NATO’s ability to deter attacks.

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Reform UK leader Nigel Farage is facing renewed political pressure over his financial affairs after resigning as the MP for Clacton and announcing that he will seek immediate re-election. Farage said the by-election would allow voters in the Essex constituency to judge him directly following weeks of scrutiny over gifts and financial support he is alleged not to have declared.

Labour called on Farage to provide full details of a £5 million gift from cryptocurrency businessman Christopher Harborne after reports that banks had raised money laundering concerns with the National Crime Agency. Farage denies wrongdoing and has described the allegations and the parliamentary standards investigation as part of a political campaign against him.

Labour, the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats have said they will not contest the by-election, describing it as a publicity exercise rather than a necessary electoral contest. The parliamentary inquiry could resume if Farage returns to the Commons, while opposition parties said resigning his seat should not prevent continued scrutiny of the allegations.