Tag: Foreign Office

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 21 April 2023.

Mr Timothy Smart has been appointed His Majesty’s Ambassador to the Republic of Uzbekistan in succession to Mr Timothy Torlot who will be retiring from the Diplomatic Service.

Mr Smart will take up his appointment during August 2023.

CURRICULUM VITAE

Full name: Timothy Smart

Married to: Dr Veronika Smart

Children: Two

Year	Role
2018 to 2022	FCDO, Head, Eastern Mediterranean Department, Europe Directorate
2018	Cabinet Office, National Security Secretariat, Deputy Director
2017 to 2018	FCO, Sahel Coordinator, Africa Directorate
2012 to 2017	Antananarivo, Her Majesty’s Ambassador, and Dean of the Diplomatic Corps (2016-2017)
2011 to 2012	Suva, Chargé d’Affaires and Head of the UK’s South Pacific Network
2008 to 2011	Honiara, British High Commissioner and Dean of the Diplomatic Corps (2010-2011)
2006 to 2008	FCO, Head, Strategic Communication Unit and Press Secretary to the PUS and the FCO Board
2005 to 2006	FCO, Head, EU Middle East North Africa Section, Europe Directorate
2004 to 2005	Basra, Head, Political Press and Public Affairs Section, British Consulate General
2001 to 2004	Tel Aviv, Second Secretary
1999 to 2000	FCO, Desk Officer, Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe Department.
1997 to 1999	JP Morgan, Investment Banking Analyst

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 21 April 2023.

The UK invites project proposals to reduce trafficking of Romanians to the UK and strengthen responses to MSHT in Romania, focusing on prevention, support and building capability.

Background

Romania is a source, transit and destination country for modern slavery and human trafficking (MSHT). MSHT is a priority issue for the UK Government and we work closely with the Romanian Government, civil society and law enforcement to tackle this threat.

Romanian nationals were the top EU nationality referred to the UK National Referral Mechanism (NRM) in 2022 and the ninth highest nationality overall. They were also the fifth most reported nationality on the Duty to Notify list (recording potential victims not referred to the NRM) and are consistently the top nationality calling the Modern Slavery and Exploitation Helpline in the UK. Statistics from the UK and Romania demonstrate a need to address sexual, criminal and labour exploitation between the two countries. While the UK and Romania work closely together to share information and build a stronger picture of the prevalence of MSHT, we appreciate that this is a hidden crime and so there may be gaps in our knowledge or evidence relating to this issue.

Assessment of the available data shows that labour exploitation is the most commonly referred exploitation type for male adults, criminal exploitation is most commonly referred for male children, sexual exploitation for female adults, and sexual and criminal exploitation for female children. While information is limited on where victims are from, current assessments suggest the majority are from the central, eastern and south-eastern areas of Romania. Some data shows that male victims of labour exploitation typically come from central Romania, including Brasov county, whereas female victims of sexual exploitation typically come from eastern areas, including the counties of Bacau, Braila, Galati, Iasi and Tulcea. Ialomita and Prahova were also identified as two further counties of note for victims of sexual exploitation. Criminal exploitation does not appear to be of the same scale as labour and sexual exploitation and victims are typically children that are already residing in the UK with their families.

Lower standards of living and education alongside high rates of unemployment appear to be factors criminals exploit to target their victims, many of whom are seeking to improve their conditions and economic opportunities outside of these areas. Distrust of authorities and lack of awareness about these types of crimes may also be significant factors that can increase vulnerabilities to MSHT.

Victims of sexual exploitation are typically recruited through ‘lover boy’ or ‘boyfriend’ grooming techniques, exploiting vulnerable women under the pretence of a relationship and with the promise of money and luxury goods. Social media sites, such as Facebook, are used by criminals to search for and recruit potential victims. In many cases (although not all), victims are aware they are coming to the UK for sex work and some may already work in the sex industry in Romania. However, they are often deceived about the money they will make, the hours they will work and the types of sexual acts they will have to perform. It is suspected that Adult Service Websites (ASWs) play a role in the recruitment and exploitation of potential victims.

Labour exploitation of Romanians in the UK is typically through manual labour sectors, such as car washes and the construction industry. Victims are typically promised better, well paid, jobs abroad and are usually aware of the work they will be doing in the UK. Recruitment is often informal, through word of mouth via friends, family or acquaintances who may have connections to criminal groups or may have been previously recruited themselves. It is highly likely these victims are looking for economic opportunities abroad, perhaps to support family members in Romania, and have been led to believe that greater financial security exists for them if they work in the UK. Some victims may be recruited through social media. There remains an evidence gap as to the use of online marketplace trading websites by criminal groups to recruit potential victims.

Transport to the UK is typically via budget commercial airlines for female victims, who can travel with their trafficker and convey an appearance to border officials that they are friends or in a relationship. Larger groups of male victims are often transported by car, coach or minibus. It is likely that some transport operators or drivers are complicit in trafficking victims to the UK although further evidence is needed to understand the extent to which they enable these criminal groups.

The 2023 Romanian-British Strategic Partnership sets out the UK and Romania’s commitment to work together to tackle all forms of MSHT alongside other types of serious organised crime. This includes activity on prevention and tackling push and pull factors; identifying, protecting and reintegrating victims on return to Romania and working with law enforcement and the justice system on bringing perpetrators to justice.

To support this engagement, the UK Home Office and British Embassy Bucharest invites organisations active in combatting MSHT in Romania or Romanian communities in the UK to present proposals for projects to meet the below objectives. These proposals should be for projects between July 2023 and February 2025. Projects will be funded through the Home Office Modern Slavery Fund and should be between the value of 279,420 RON and 670,608 RON or £50,000 and £120,000.

Objective: what we expect projects to achieve

Collectively, projects should contribute towards an overall impact of reducing the number of Romanians trafficked to the UK and strengthening related UK and Romanian national responses to modern slavery and human trafficking.

Proposed projects must meet one or more of these 3 outcomes:

1. Prevent: reduce vulnerability in Romania and/or of Romanian nationals to exploitation through better understanding of risks and addressing drivers.
2. Pursue: strengthen the capability of professionals in the UK and Romania to disrupt MSHT from Romania and implement relevant victim-centred responses.
3. Support: improve existing state and community support systems for MSHT survivors in Romania throughout identification, repatriation, and reintegration.

The selected projects will be considered as part of a larger effort to balance efforts across all 3 outcomes. Examples of potential activity (not exhaustive) are provided under Example Activities. A visual Theory of Change (ToC) setting out how the selected projects should contribute to the overall impact is set out in annex I (PDF, 626 KB, 1 page) (PDF, 636 KB). This ToC gives an overall understanding of how the UK Government will make use of political engagement and programmes to achieve a set of complementary outcomes.

Projects that show the strongest alignment with the ToC (expected impact and outcomes) will be prioritised for funding. Given related concerns about online child sexual abuse and exploitation, and trafficking of third country nationals through Romania (e.g. Ukrainian or Vietnamese nationals), projects that contribute to the overarching impact and address these issues will be favoured.

We expect implementing partners to be civil society organisations based in Romania or the UK. We strongly encourage cooperation and joint project proposals between UK and Romanian organisations and joint applications will be favoured.

Scope of projects

Proposed projects must meet the following essential criteria:

• contribute to at least one of the three key outcomes listed above (Prevent, Pursue, Support), as well as the overarching impact. The projects should be aligned with the overall outcomes above but not be a copy-paste – each project should have its own outcome(s)
• take place in Romania and/or with Romanian communities in the UK. Activity should generally have a national scope; projects with a smaller geographic focus (eg. focusing on specific regions) are welcome, but will need to demonstrate an evidence-based rationale for the focus
• activity to take place between July 2023 and February 2025 (20 months). Shorter periods are acceptable, but ideally projects would run for as long as possible to maximise impact. A review will be carried out in January 2024 to monitor that projects are on track to deliver milestones
• have a value between £50,000 and £120,000 GBP or 279,420 RON and 670,608 RON (administration costs should not exceed 10% of the total budget). See detail in the Budget section

Evaluation criteria

Projects will also be evaluated on the following criteria – proportional to the value of the bid:

• evidence-based: clear understanding of the context and factors affecting MSHT in Romania or between Romania and the UK, ‘what works’ to address them, and alignment with existing state and civil society activity
• value for money, including evidence of a consideration of economy, efficiency and effectiveness. Economy is the degree to which inputs are being purchased in the right quantity and at the right price. Efficiency is how efficiently the project is delivering its outputs, considering the rate at which intervention inputs are converted to outputs and its cost-efficiency. Effectiveness is the quality of the intervention’s work by assessing the rate at which outputs are converted into outcomes and impacts, and the cost-effectiveness of this conversion
• MEL: whether the project has an adequate and proportionate Theory of Change (in a narrative and/or diagram form), results framework with quantitative and qualitative indicators, a named team member responsible for monitoring, evaluation and learning (MEL) with some experience in the area, and a proportionate budget and plan for MEL throughout project implementation
• how project delivery risks will be managed, including a commitment to put in place high safeguarding standards, where relevant
• how the project will have a sustainable impact beyond the lifetime of the funding, which would ideally include an exit plan (that could include plans to obtain future financing from elsewhere)
• whether the project team has relevant expertise and experience in working on MSHT or related subjects in Romania, as well as detailed knowledge of the Romanian context, or a demonstrable track record of working on MSHT in Romania or with Romanian communities in the UK
• whether the project considers gender sensitivity, and will, as far as possible, engage survivors of MSHT (e.g. people with lived experience) in project design and delivery
• whether it meets additional desirable criteria, i.e. is joint project proposals between UK and Romanian organisations or will meet include additional elements to address online child sexual abuse and exploitation, or trafficking of third country nationals through Romania (e.g. Ukrainian or Vietnamese nationals)

Example activities

We cannot fund business as usual activities or one-time capital costs (e.g. construction or equipment).

Indicative potential activities that we could fund are set out below against each of the three outcomes. These are not exhaustive and we would encourage creative and innovative proposals that would meet the main outcomes:

Prevent: reduce vulnerability in Romania and/or of Romanian nationals to exploitation through better understanding of risks and addressing drivers.

Examples: targeted and evidence-based behaviour change communication campaigns; research to understand drivers and enablers and what works to address modern slavery in and from Romania; pilot projects to mobilise action on drivers or improve access to safe employment; projects linked to addressing or better understanding socio-economic drivers and vulnerabilities.

Pursue: strengthen the capability of professionals in the UK and Romania to disrupt MSHT from Romania and implement relevant victim-centred responses.

Examples: capacity building for public authorities or law enforcement to improve effectiveness of investigations and prosecution and understanding and building trust in law enforcement and government authorities.

Support: improve existing state and community support systems for MSHT survivors in Romania throughout identification, repatriation, and reintegration.

Examples: pilot improved mechanisms at local/country level to provide community based, holistic support; pilot mechanisms to improve access to safe employment; campaigns or training designed at reducing stigma and prejudice in public narratives, involving survivors/people with lived experience of MSHT.

Project approach

The UK Home Office and British Embassy Bucharest will approve project proposals. The proposal will form the basis for project planning. The proposal should set out how the implementing partner will deliver activities to support the impact set out above with an implementation plan, clear objectives and measurable outcomes, and supporting Theory of Change and activity based budget.

The proposal should also set out how the project can be scaled up or down to help the British Embassy to allocate the funding across the outcomes.

The British Embassy Bucharest will oversee the project planning and support implementers in developing necessary contacts, including as required with Romanian authorities.

The Embassy will also provide contact persons and focal points in UK institutions, or experts, as needed to support project delivery with UK best practice or expertise. The Embassy will also facilitate contact, if needed, with UK organisations working on MSHT and the Romanian Embassy in London.

The implementing organisation is expected to engage with due diligence processes ahead of funds being awarded. It is also expected to have a clear risk management and safeguarding approach.

The Embassy will also facilitate strengthening of monitoring, evaluation and learning and safeguarding capabilities for implementing partners through UK Government expertise. Through the onboarding process, we will work with implementing partners to define a clear assessment of learning needs.

The Embassy will provide a dedicated contact point for project management. The implementing organisation is expected to provide at least one dedicated contact point, and clearly set out responsibilities and roles if there is more than one. Both partners will participate in regular progress discussions.

The Embassy and Home Office will conduct a project review in January 2024 on progress against agreed milestones. Based on this review, we reserve the right to withdraw, scale down, or offer additional funding.

Project reporting

The reports to be produced during the implementation of the project are to be delivered in English.

Successful bidders will be expected to provide:

• a refined project proposal, activity based budget and Theory of Change addressing any concerns raised by the assessment panel. In addition, this should set out a more detailed risk register, safeguarding approach and any additional details, such as a communications plan
• quarterly progress reporting against milestones in the results framework and risk management, as appropriate
• financial reporting, including evidence of project spending, ahead of payments
• a final evaluation report, to be produced by the end of March 2025, to be agreed between the Embassy and implementer

Composition of project teams

The British Embassy Bucharest will nominate a Project Director, British Embassy Bucharest (David Edmondson) and a Project Manager, (Maria Petrescu, MSHT Project Manager) to oversee the project delivery.

Project proposals should demonstrate that the implementing partner’s staffing levels are appropriate to deliver the aims of the project and that the staff have relevant expertise and experience in working on MSHT or related subjects in Romania, as well as detailed knowledge of the Romanian context. They should also have a demonstrable track record of working on MSHT in Romania or with Romanian communities in the UK.

Timing and scope of input

The bidding round is an open and competitive process, assessed by the UK Home Office and the British Embassy in Bucharest. The selected partner will be contacted in June. Once a bid is approved, a Grant Agreement will be signed with the successful bidders, dependent on successful completion of due diligence. You will find an example of a Grant Agreement online on the same page as this document.

Your organisation will be expected to sign the contract within one week of the funds being awarded. Failure to do so may result in the funds being re-allocated.

It is expected that the project will be carried out from July 2023 to end February 2025, with a review point in January 2024. Final reporting should be prepared in March 2025 latest. The crucial milestones will be the submission of quarterly reports and the Final Report (March 2025). Reporting schedules will be clearly set out in grant agreements.

Extension of the grant agreements after March 2025 may be possible subject to fund availability and on satisfactory performance and progress against agreed outcomes.

Send any questions regarding the call for bids to Bucharest.projects@fcdo.gov.uk.

Budget

Project proposals must include an estimated budget of at least 279,420 RON and a maximum of 670,608 RON or at least £50,000 and a maximum of £120,000.

These figures have been determined through use of a set budget exchange rate, which you are also required to use in your own budgeting: £1 = 5.5884 RON.

It is expected all costs incurred will be from within this budget. Administration costs should not exceed 10% of the total. There should also be a proportionate budget for monitoring evaluation and learning, covering staff cost, expenses related to monitoring activities (e.g. field visits, feedback surveys) and evaluation and learning activities.

If implementing partners are eligible to pay VAT, the activity based budget should include the cost of VAT as a separate budget line.

We expect to make payments in arrears (i.e. not to make pre-payments). Reimbursements will be completed once activities have taken place and all receipts submitted. Implementing organisations will request repayments using an invoice (including receipts and a financial report of spend) and the repayments will be carried out during those dates agreed upon in the respective contract. However, there are exceptional circumstances in which we can agree pre-payments, but this should be raised at the earliest opportunity, be clearly justified, and is subject to our agreement.

The activity based budget should be presented in Romanian New Lei (RON) or Pound Sterling (GBP) with costs split by each financial year (the financial year is April to March).

All payments in Romania will be made in RON to a bank account held in Romania. We may be able to make payments in GBP to bank accounts in the UK.

Depending on the quality of the proposals, the British Embassy reserves the right not to grant all or part of the available funds. The Embassy also reserves the right to award a grant of less than the amount requested by the applicants. In such a case, applicants will be asked to increase the amount that they co-finance, to propose other co-financing means or to decrease the total costs without altering the substance of the proposal.

If 2 project proposals are similar to each other, then the embassy reserves the right to select the highest scoring and/or approach the lower scoring bid to identify how they might revise their project to remove duplication.

How to Bid

Our process will consist of a one-stage full bid proposal.

Bids should be completed in English using the Project Proposal template (ODT, 51.4 KB) and an Activity Based Budget (ODS, 9.5 KB) should be submitted alongside it. Bids should also include a simple Theory of Change in narrative and/or diagram form, including key assumptions and contextual information. A Theory of Change is a comprehensive description and illustration of how and why a desired change is expected to happen in a particular context. See example of a ToC in diagram form in annex I (PDF, 626 KB, 1 page).

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 21 April 2023.

Foreign Secretary James Cleverly has sanctioned five individuals connected to the poisoning and arrest of politician and journalist Vladimir Kara-Murza

Foreign Secretary James Cleverly has today, Friday 21 April, sanctioned five individuals connected to the poisoning and arrest of politician and journalist Vladimir Kara-Murza, days after his politically-motivated conviction in Russia.

On Monday, Mr Kara-Murza was sentenced to 25 years in prison for charges including treason and spreading ‘knowingly false information’ about the Russian armed forces. In reality, he bravely spoke the truth about Putin’s illegal invasion of Ukraine.

Today, the UK is sanctioning Elena Lenskaya – a judge who approved Vladimir Kara-Murza’s arrest, along with Denis Kolesnikov and Andrei Zadachin – investigators involved in the arrest of Mr Kara-Murza.

FSB agents Alexander Samofal and Konstantin Kudryavtsev have also been sanctioned. The pair were members of the operational team which followed Mr Kara-Murza on multiple trips before he was poisoned both in 2015, three months after close friend and fellow opposition politician Boris Nemtsov was assassinated, and 2017.

Both have been sanctioned for their part in Russia’s egregious violation of Mr Kara-Murza’s right not to be subjected to torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment.

Foreign Secretary James Cleverly said:

Russia’s treatment and conviction of Vladimir Kara-Murza once again demonstrates its utter contempt for basic human rights.

Today five individuals connected to his case have been sanctioned, sending a clear message that the UK will not stand for this treatment of one of its citizens.

The UK will continue to support Mr Kara-Murza and his family. I call on Russia to release him immediately and unconditionally.

As a result of these sanctions all these individuals will be subject to travel bans and asset freezes.

On Monday the UK summoned the Russian Ambassador and condemned the sentencing – making it clear that the UK considers Mr Kara-Murza’s conviction to be contrary to Russia’s international obligations on human rights, including the right to a fair trial.

The UK has also previously sanctioned Sergei Podoprigorov, the judge who presided over Mr Kara-Murza’s trial, and Dmitry Komnov, the head of the detention centre where Mr Kara-Murza is being held.

In January, the Minister for Europe met Mr Kara-Murza’s wife to discuss his case and treatment. FCDO officials have attended Mr Kara-Murza’s court hearings in Moscow throughout the year and officials have repeatedly raised Mr Kara-Murza’s case with the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Russian Embassy.

The UK and international partners invoked the OSCE’s Moscow Mechanism on 28 July 2022, sending a mission of experts to investigate following concerns over Russia’s repression of human rights. The September report revealed how Russia has been waging a campaign of repression against its own people.

We are taking forward the report’s recommendations, and have helped secure a United Nations Human Rights Council Special Rapporteur. They will be charged with undertaking country visits, acting on individual cases of reported violations and concerns of a broader nature, and raising public awareness and providing advice for technical cooperation.

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 20 April 2023.

Ambassador Neil Bush responds to the report presentation by Ambassador Kilian Wahl, Head of the OSCE Mission to Skopje.

Thank you, Mr Chair.

Firstly, I would like to welcome Ambassador Wahl to the Permanent Council for the first time since taking on the role as Head of Mission in November. Thank you for the work of your team over the last year, and for this comprehensive report.

The United Kingdom highly appreciates the work and added value of the OSCE Mission to Skopje – in particular the Mission’s support to government reforms, monitoring of security-related developments, and your early action to address emerging issues. I was delighted to be able to visit the Mission in February and hear first-hand about your programme activity and engagement with civil society in North Macedonia.

We positively note the achievements of the Mission over the past 12 months, set out in detail in your report. In particular, we welcome your continued activity to promote social cohesion – including your assistance in implementation of the government’s ‘National Strategy for One Society and Inter-culturalism’. We similarly appreciate your connected work on integrated education, particularly in supporting the city of Skopje in implementing joint curricula classes in different languages, and in assisting the drafting of the government’s Concept for General Secondary Education – which incorporates the principles of anti-discrimination, gender equality, inclusion and inter-ethnic integration. These are essential principles in any society.

The UK welcomes the Mission’s achievements this year on anti-corruption, including the training of municipal integrity officers, and engagement in regional trial monitoring to combat organised crime and corruption in the wider Western Balkans region. We also highly value the Mission’s continued engagement on countering terrorism, including your capacity building on conducting effective online monitoring – helping to safeguard North Macedonia’s national security interests.

Ambassador Wahl, we are again pleased to see the Mission’s continued focus on gender, and welcome the Mission’s progress on mainstreaming a gender perspective into programmatic work. Your report highlights some excellent initiatives, such as training and mentorship programmes for female police officers to strengthen their skills for future leadership roles, the Mission’s efforts to analyse the gender aspects of corruption, and your support to the drafting of North Macedonia’s new Gender Equality Law. We commend the Mission’s continued engagement on gender issues, and encourage a sustained focus in the coming year.

Mr Chair, I would like to take this opportunity to also recognise the role of the Mission to Skopje in supporting North Macedonia in delivering its priorities as OSCE Chair-in-Office in 2023, including in the delivery of events such as the Skopje Conference on Addressing Anti-Semitism, in February.

The UK reiterates our strong support for North Macedonia’s priorities and continued efforts as Chair, including towards agreeing a Unified Budget for 2023 – which remains essential to the effective running of all field operations and institutions. You can rely on the continued support of the UK in addressing these shared challenges.

Thank you, Ambassador Wahl. Thank you, Mr Chair.

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 20 April 2023.

Ambassador Bush voices strong UK support for the Geneva International Discussions (GID) as well as for Georgia’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 20 April 2023.

Canadian Ambassador Jocelyn Kinnear gives a statement on behalf of four OSCE participating States on prosecution and imprisonment of Vladimir Kara-Murza.

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 20 April 2023.

Ambassador Bush welcomes the OSCE’s co-operation with the Council of Europe, an important institution to the UK’s foreign policy agenda.

Thank you, Mr Chair. On behalf of the UK, I warmly welcome you, Secretary General Buric, back to the Permanent Council. Thank you for outlining your priorities at the Council of Europe and your collaboration with the OSCE. The Council of Europe is, and will continue to be, important to the UK’s human rights and foreign policy agenda.

The promotion of human rights, rule of law, and democracy across our region and beyond characterises the longstanding and steadfast relationship between the OSCE and the Council of Europe. These common principles continue to define our shared ventures in Vienna and in Strasbourg.

Both the OSCE and the Council of Europe face a series of common challenges this year. To make progress together we should continue to recognise each organisation’s merits and distinctiveness – working in a coordinated way to engage the unique sets of tools.  The Council of Europe and the OSCE continue to share much common ground, including work on electoral reform; media freedom; anti-trafficking; anti-corruption; protection of national minorities; counter terrorism; inclusive education and protecting cultural heritage.

Today we meet at an especially challenging time for European Security. As President Putin’s unprovoked and illegal war against Ukraine goes on, we continue to see reports of violations of international human rights law and of international humanitarian law by Russia’s forces. Every day we see reminders that the common principles and commitments on which our organisations are founded are being transgressed. The launch of the Council of Europe’s Ukraine Action Plan 2023-26 underscores the international community’s united support for Ukraine.

The Council of Europe’s fourth Summit of Heads of State and Government next month provides a welcome opportunity to re-affirm and promote our shared commitment to democracy, human rights and the Rule of Law and to demonstrate solidarity with Ukraine. The UK will engage fully in the proceedings, including by calling for strong support for Ukraine, a united response to Russia’s aggression, and strengthening multilateralism in Europe.

Secretary General Buric – in the face of war in Europe and regression of human rights and fundamental freedoms across the region, the work of the Council of Europe and the OSCE remains of the upmost importance. The UK is, and will remain, a steadfast supporter of this work and looks forward to working with the Council of Europe and the OSCE throughout 2023 and beyond.

Thank you, Mr Chair.

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 20 April 2023.

Ambassador Bush says there can be no impunity for war crimes and other atrocities, such as Russia’s attacks against civilians and critical civilian infrastructure.

Thank you Mr Chair. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is a violation of international law, including the UN Charter, and has shown blatant disregard for OSCE principles. This statement will focus on Russia’s failure to adhere to international law, including international humanitarian law. The same laws that Russia helped to create and to which it voluntarily signed up.

Two Moscow Mechanism Reports, ODIHR’s Interim Reports, and weekly statements at this Council have documented a clear pattern of human rights abuses and violations of international law. The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights said last month, “severe violations” of international humanitarian law have become “shockingly routine” in Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. I will focus today on three specific areas of international law: safeguarding civilians; the treatment of prisoners of war; and protection of places of worship.

Firstly, as Russia is well aware, international humanitarian law prohibits attacks that do not distinguish between military and civilian targets. It also forbids the infliction of suffering, injury, or destruction not actually necessary for military purposes. Attacks like the one on the residential buildings in Sloviansk on Saturday, which reportedly left at least 15 civilians dead – including a two-year-old – and at least 24 others injured. And attacks like the one in Suihurivka, on Orthodox Easter Sunday, which reportedly killed two teenagers.

We also condemn the ongoing attacks and endangerment of critical civilian infrastructure. The recent landmine explosions near the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant (ZNPP) are a reminder of the potentially severe consequences for nuclear safety and security. We support the International Atomic Energy Agency’s efforts to help strengthen nuclear safety and security in Ukraine, including the Director General’s leadership on efforts at the ZNPP.

Secondly, as Russia knows, under international humanitarian law, all prisoners of war should be treated humanely. They should be afforded appropriate medical treatment and basic necessities, and be protected from humiliating and degrading treatment. We welcome the exchanges last week of over 300 prisoners of war between Ukraine and Russia. We are appalled by the recent video, which appears to depict Russian forces executing a prisoner of war. Executing prisoners of war is a war crime.

We also call on Russia to immediately release all illegally detained persons, including the Special Monitoring Mission national staff. These individuals remain detained simply for carrying out their official duties, mandated by all participating States including Russia.

And thirdly, international humanitarian law provides extra protection to places of worship and other cultural property. Attacks like the ones on Orthodox Easter Sunday, on three churches in the suburbs of Zaporizhzhia, Dnipro and Kherson. As the governor of Dnipro oblast said, it seems that “nothing is sacred” for the Russian armed forces.

Mr Chair, we need accountability, not more lies, disinformation and destruction from the Kremlin. No matter what the Russian leadership says, obligations under international humanitarian law are non-negotiable. G7 Foreign Ministers reasserted our position earlier this week: there can be no impunity for war crimes and other atrocities, such as Russia’s attacks against civilians and critical civilian infrastructure. We remain committed to holding those responsible to account, including through support to the International Criminal Court.

Mr Chair, the Russian force’s barbarity has only strengthened Ukrainian resolve and UK support. The way to end this war remains simple. Russia must withdraw all Russian forces and equipment from Ukraine immediately and unconditionally. Those responsible for violations of international law must be held to account. We will not forget. We will not tire. We will support Ukraine for as long as it takes to achieve a just and lasting peace. Thank you Mr Chair.

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 19 April 2023.

On the fifth anniversary of the April 2018 pro-democracy protests in Nicaragua, the UK calls upon the Nicaraguan Government to reinstate democracy, re-establish the rule of law, and restore respect for human rights.

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 19 April 2023.

Statement by Ambassador Kariuki at the Security Council meeting on the situation in the Great Lakes region.

Thank you, President. I will focus on the situation in eastern DRC and regional processes to end the conflict.

The United Kingdom remains deeply concerned by intensifying violence and the deteriorating humanitarian situation in the Great Lakes region, particularly in eastern DRC. We strongly condemn the continuing violence by all armed groups, including the UN-sanctioned M23 armed group. In the limited areas from which they have withdrawn, the horrors perpetrated by M23 are gradually being exposed, with allegations of mass rapes and summary killings.

The redeployment of resources to tackle M23 has also undermined the protection of civilians elsewhere. There have recently been horrifying accounts of executions and attacks on civilians by the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) and CODECO. We call for comprehensive investigations into allegations of human rights and international humanitarian law abuses by armed groups and for those responsible to be held accountable. All support to these non-state armed actors must stop.

President, we reiterate our full support for regional diplomatic efforts, including the Nairobi and Luanda processes, which promote de-escalation and aim to create the conditions for lasting peace in the region. We are making a financial contribution to the Nairobi process to this end. We urge all parties to respect commitments made under these processes, including the withdrawal of M23, to end of all support of armed groups, and to stop the use of incendiary hate speech. We welcome Special Envoy Xia’s support to these processes and encourage increased engagement as the conflict worsens.

We welcome M23’s handing over of some locations to the EAC Regional Force, but any withdrawal must be complete and in line with the agreed process through the Luanda roadmap. We hope the forthcoming Angolan troop deployment will help reinforce this withdrawal.

President, there is only one way out of this conflict. The violence must stop to give dialogue and peace a chance to succeed. The United Kingdom calls upon countries in the region, members of this Council, and Special Envoy Xia to intensify efforts to de-escalate the situation, improve regional cooperation, address security challenges, improve humanitarian access, and bring peace to the Great Lakes region.

Thank you.