Tag: Press Release

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 27 October 2022.

Statement delivered on behalf of 46 Member States at the Joint Panel Discussion of the 1st and 4th Committees on Challenges to Space Security and Sustainability.

Thank you to the Co-Chairs of the First and Fourth Committees,

I am pleased to make this intervention on behalf of the following countries and groups: Albania, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, EU, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Montenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Romania, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United States, Ukraine and my own country the United Kingdom.

At the outset, we thank you for organising this timely discussion of our efforts to ensure the security and long-term sustainability of outer space activities. Our thanks also to the panellists for their contributions.

There is an important distinction between discussions in the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva and the Disarmament Commission here in New York on national security activities, and those at COPUOS in Vienna on peaceful uses of outer space, which is mirrored in the UN General Assembly between its First and Fourth Committees. On the other hand, as resolution 76/55 that convened this meeting recognises, both UNGA Committees and their subsidiary bodies have vital and complementary roles to play in ensuring that human activity in outer space is safe, secure and sustainable so that space systems can continue to deliver benefits to humanity into the future. For example, the deliberate destruction of space systems can have major impacts not only on security but also on the space environment, and create unnecessary hazards to human spaceflight, as well as a broad range of other space missions. We therefore welcome the coming together today to discuss issues of joint interest to the two Committees.

Since the last joint meeting of the First and Fourth Committees in October 2019, we have come a long way in raising awareness about space security and threats to space systems. At that last meeting, many of us called for the start of a new, inclusive conversation on how

to address threats to space systems. That call led the following year to General Assembly resolution 75/36 (Reducing space threats through norms, rules and principles of responsible behaviour), and the resultant Secretary-General’s report of August 2021.

That was followed by General Assembly resolution 76/231, which established an Open- Ended Working Group to take those ideas forward.

Our countries are pleased with how the work of the OEWG has started. We warmly commend the Chair, Mr Hellmut Lagos of Chile, for the inclusive, transparent and creative way in which

he has steered it. Discussions in the meetings so far have shown the widespread, cross- regional interest in space security, from both space-faring and not yet space-faring countries.

We believe that these discussions are already making a positive contribution to our common goal of preventing an arms race in outer space and promoting transparency and confidence between States.

In particular, we welcomed the overwhelming recognition and affirmation during those discussions that international law, including the UN Charter, applies in relation to activities in outer space. These binding international rules provide the foundation for activities in the space domain, but there is a clear need to work towards greater specificity and collective understanding on how they apply to certain conduct. We affirm the applicability of international humanitarian law in space and note that this affirmation does not, in itself, permit or encourage the resort to force. Rather, it reminds States that certain conduct is never lawful, even during armed conflict.

For years, the debate on PAROS was deadlocked between the viewpoint that one single comprehensive legally-binding instrument was needed and another that this was not realistic. We believe we are moving beyond that. While many States consider legally-binding instruments to be the ultimate goal of our work, it is increasingly recognised that they are not the only measure at our disposal. As the Secretary-General said in his 2021 report, “possible solutions to outer space security can involve a combination of binding and voluntary norms, rules and principles…. It is encouraging that Member States reaffirm that voluntary norms, rules and principles, including non-binding transparency and confidence-building measures, can form the basis for legal measures. It is hoped that work in each of these areas can continue to be pursued in a progressive, sustained and complementary manner.”

Voluntary and collectively established norms of responsible behaviour, combined with enhanced mutual understanding, dialogue and transparency, and sharing of space domain awareness, will help to reduce risks of misunderstanding and unintended escalation.

Furthermore, there is increasing recognition that the development and implementation of behavioural norms – such as the work to establish the commitment made by an increasing number of States not to conduct destructive, direct-ascent anti-satellite missile testing – can be valuable steps towards the eventual negotiation of legally binding instruments. Historically, this is the path international space law has followed: the international community began by developing non-binding principles and norms and then treaties followed thereafter. By demonstrating the effectiveness of voluntary measures over time, we can gradually build up our confidence to translate these into legally binding rules. This is an important step. In a contested and competitive world, it is vital that we can trust in the rules that we make – that they are practically implementable, and that States will comply with them.

This is why ongoing national implementation efforts and development of best practices concerning the 21 Long-Term Sustainability Guidelines adopted by COPUOS in 2019 are so important. The nearly decade-long effort to arrive at an agreed preamble and 21 guidelines represents a significant evolution in the development of voluntary measures to ensure the safe and sustainable use of space for all countries. The pursuit of this work by COPUOS represents an opportunity for long-lasting progress through ongoing dialogue and practical implementation.

We see the LTS Working Group and the Open-Ended Working Group as distinct, but complementary. Taken together, they will enhance the overall safety, sustainability and security of outer space.

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 27 October 2022.

Statement by Ambassador Barbara Woodward at the Security Council briefing on Ukraine and Biological Weapons.

Thank you President, and thank you Mr Ebo for your very clear briefing. I’d like to start by reaffirming the United Kingdom’s deep commitment to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention.

On 24 February, Russia invaded Ukraine, an act of aggression in clear violation of international law, which the United Nations General Assembly voted overwhelmingly to condemn.

Since then, the Russian Federation has repeatedly spread disinformation, including wild claims involving dirty bombs, chemical weapons, and offensive biological research.

How much more of this nonsense do we have to endure?

As we’ve heard, Russia’s allegations were given a full hearing last month, according to the processes set out under Article 5 of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention.

89 States Parties attended that meeting, and listened as Russia delivered nothing but misrepresentations of assorted public documents and copy-and-pasted images from Wikipedia.

The response from the other States Parties was clear and overwhelming:

that Russia must end its aggression and disinformation campaign against Ukraine; and
that Russia must stop demonising legitimate peaceful scientific and technical cooperation, which all BTWC States Parties have a right to participate in under Article 10 of the Convention, and which is rightly valued by many States Parties.
That process has now concluded. Russia’s claims have been heard, considered, and rejected. The bar has not been met for further investigation and proposals for further action would be a waste of this Council’s time. This Council is a serious body and risks being brought into disrepute by Russia’s actions.

There are plenty of issues that demand our attention but Russia is clogging up the agenda with conspiracy theories.

Instead of attempting to smear Ukraine, Russia should focus on its own obligations, including the UN Charter, and end this war.

Thank you President.

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 27 October 2022.

Statement by Fergus Eckersley, UK Political Coordinator at the UN, at the Security Council briefing on Abyei and UNISFA.

The press release issued by the Foreign Office on 27 October 2022.

Ambassador Bush commends efforts by OSCE’s Parliamentary Assembly, and stresses that parliamentarians play a crucial role in ensuring sustained support for Ukraine.

Madam President, thank you for your address and welcome back to the Permanent Council.

It was a great honour for the United Kingdom to host the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly’s Annual Session this year. I was proud to join Professor Ibrahim and Dr Elliott on the panel for preventing and prosecuting war crimes, and speak to the UK’s support for the Murad Code. I look forward to continued engagement on this important initiative, which will help to ensure justice for survivors of sexual violence.

I also congratulate you and OSCE parliamentarians on the successful adoption of the Birmingham Declaration, which was approved with overwhelming support. We strongly endorse the Declaration’s core tenet – that Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, facilitated by the Belarusian regime, constitutes a gross violation of the fundamentals of international law, as well as a severe breach of the OSCE’s commitments and principles. It jeopardizes the security architecture of Europe and the whole OSCE region.

In response to my Russian colleague’s tired accusations on access in July, may I remind them that it is Russia’s actions alone that led to their exclusion.

Unfortunately, since the Annual Session we have seen the Kremlin’s war rage on. In the last few weeks alone we have witnessed Russian military attacks on both civilians and critical infrastructure in Kyiv and across Ukraine, with the intention of cutting off Ukrainian people from energy, heating, and water. Sham referenda have been cynically deployed to facilitate attempted illegal land grabs. And the Russian military’s bombing of Ukraine’s agricultural and transport infrastructure continues to exacerbate global food insecurity.

Not content with attacking another State, the Russian Government continues to inflict misery upon its own population. As the latest Moscow Mechanism report found, the Russian government continues to wage a systematic and repressive war against the freedoms of its own people. This has included cracking down on independent media and restricting civil society activities, all of which also serve to quell any internal dissent against its external aggression.

So what role should the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly play in all of this?

As you said, Madam President, during an interesting side event at the Warsaw Human Dimension Conference, the role of Civil Society Organisations is key in all OSCE participating States. You noted the importance of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly working with civil society organisations and that OSCE Parliamentarians should use their privileged positions wisely, to reach out to others and to influence beyond their own Parliaments.

We agree that parliamentarians have a crucial role to play in harnessing their considerable political leverage to ensure sustained support for Ukraine. This includes pursuing accountability for war crimes and pushing for humanitarian, economic and military assistance to Ukraine. It also includes forcefully defending OSCE principles in all available fora, and supporting diplomatic efforts to secure a just and lasting peace in Ukraine, with full respect for Ukraine’s independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity within its internationally recognised borders. I would also like to thank the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly and its members for their ongoing efforts in this regard.

Beyond the war, parliamentarians play a key role in continuing to support participating States to implement their OSCE principles and commitments. This includes defending human rights and democratic institutions, sharing knowledge and expertise on security challenges and military transparency, and performing the necessary checks and balances to hold our executives to account. I welcome the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly’s vital work in these areas.

In conclusion – and ahead of your Autumn Meeting in Warsaw next month – the UK offers its full support to you and the Parliamentary Assembly and we look forward to continued co-operation and collaboration in 2023 and beyond.